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The Saadi Sultanate ruled Morocco from 1549 to 1659. It rose after defeating the Wattasids and resisted Portuguese and Ottoman expansion. Its most famous ruler, Ahmad al-Mansur, captured Timbuktu and Songhai's gold trade.
After al-Mansur's death, the dynasty declined due to internal strife. The Alaouites took power in 1666. The Saadis helped shape Moroccan identity and central rule.