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The Visigothic Kingdom ruled much of Iberia and southern Gaul after Rome's western collapse. Its kings were Germanic Christians who ruled over a largely Roman and Hispano-Roman population. They issued law codes and held councils at Toledo.
The kingdom fell in 711 when Muslim armies crossed from North Africa. Within years, most of Iberia came under Islamic rule. Visigothic survivors retreated north and helped start the Reconquista.